Air contains 20% oxygen and almost 80% nitrogen,which is inert. That's why pure oxygen is used instead of air to increase the flame temperature to allow localized melting of the workpiece material (e.g steel) in a room environment. Acetylene/air flame burns at about 4532 degree F,whereas acetylene/oxygen flame burns at about 6296 degree F. This extra heat melts the metal faster and increases the rate of welding.
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