The amount of current (amps) is controlled by the user. It's done with a variable resistor. Another thing to note is whether you are welding constant current or constant voltage. If you are welding constant current, the voltage will vary and a set Amp measure will remain constant. With constant voltage, the current will vary and that's determined by the resistance. Constant voltage should be an easier set up. I'm not 100% sure but most stick welding is constant current, which is why increasing the arc length produces more heat, because more arc length should increase the resistance, which would cause the welding machine to increase voltage to keep the current constant.
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